Among many diagnostic tools used by doctors to detect health abnormalities, blood tests are the prime. They help provide valuable insights into overall well-being, and functioning of internal organs, including the bones!
While several procedures are available for checking bone health, such as X-rays, scans and biopsies, a blood test still holds powerful significance. Read below to learn the benefits in detail.
Blood tests determine cancers: How much truth this fact holds?
Every physiological function of the body is maintained by blood. It is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients and energy across every corner of the system. No doubt, this makes blood eligible for getting tested to evaluate various health ailments.
‘Cancer’ – this ravaging disease can also be detected by blood tests. They can determine the respective stages and help manage the condition. In most cases, additional tests are required for confirming its presence. Here is a list of cancers that can be detected through a blood analysis.
- Hodgkin lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
- Multiple myeloma
- Leukaemia
Kinds of cancer blood tests available
There are four major types:
- Complete blood count: Also known as CBC, this test helps detect blood and immune cancers. For example, lymphoma and leukaemia. However, organ-related tumours cannot be detected, especially pertaining to the lungs, colon, and breasts.
- Tumour marker blood tests: These are special chemical triggers that are produced by the body into the bloodstream. High levels indicate possible signs of cancer. Special markers, like the CA-125, are responsible for making treatment plans to prevent comeback of ovarian and pancreatic cancers. Another type of tumour marker known as the PSA antigen helps to detect the likeability of developing prostate cancer.
- Blood protein tests: Help to know the normal levels of metabolic proteins in the bloodstream. High values typically indicate greater probability of cancer development. Common tests are: CMP (Comprehensive metabolic panel). It quantifies total protein content in the body.
- Circulating tumour cell tests: Also known as CTC test, this involves performing a liquid biopsy. The procedure detects minute tumour pieces that disintegrate and circulate into the blood. Moreover, it acts as a predictive test for metastatic cancers of the colon, breast and prostate. Low value of CTC is better for the body while high levels indicate possible health dangers. Often, this can prompt additional therapies down the line.
What other tests help in cancer diagnosis?
- Biopsy: This process involves obtaining a small tissue sample from an affected organ. After that, it is sent off to a medical laboratory for analysis.
- Image tests: Aid in creating accurate and detailed images of the tumour. Also, used for locating and staging process. Examples are: X-rays, CT scan, MRI, etc. Apart from these, PET (Positron Emission Tomography) scans are helpful.
- Specialised tests: A primary example is mammogram. This is a test to identify breast cancer. Similarly there is Pap smear, used for detecting cervical cancer.
After examining the blood, the results are interpreted in detail. This helps to determine if any additional testing procedures are required for confirmation. Early-staged cancers are generally difficult to detect, hence, it is necessary to get regular tests.
Can a bone profile blood test detect cancer?
Bone profiling blood test is one of the best and most effective diagnostic procedures for checking bone health. It helps determine the amount of mineral components present in your bones. Also, an extensive range of health conditions and disorders can be identified through this test, including bone cancer. But, again, blood tests alone cannot confirm its presence.
How do I prepare for cancer blood tests?
Depending on the type of test you require, the healthcare specialist will guide you. This means the requirement will be different for each. In some instances, people may need to fast for a continuous period of eight to twelve hours. However, others who are taking medicines may require to pause them before the test.
What to expect during a cancer blood test?
The procedure typically takes around few minutes to half-an-hour. Here are the steps associated.
- The doctor wraps a tight tourniquet around the upper arm. This obstructs the blood from flowing down freely.
- The area chosen for injection is cleaned with rubbing alcohol. It helps to sterilise the region.
- The needle is injected carefully and a sufficient amount of blood is collected. After that, the band is removed.
- The blood sample is transferred to a clean vial and then sent over to the laboratory for testing purposes. Also, the injected site is pressed gently to stop the bleeding.
- A band-aid is put on the injected area.
What to expect after the blood work?
It is essential to keep the bandage on after the blood test. Also, avoid exercises for a few days until the doctor advises to resume. This is because a greater heart rate can induce increased bleeding.
Potential risks and side-effects associated
Blood tests are generally safe and do not induce much risk. At the maximum, you can get a small bruise around the injected site. To treat such cases, applying a warm compress is recommended.
What do the results mean?
After the procedure, the blood sample is sent off to the laboratory for analysis. Within a few days, you obtain the results. However, based on the test type opted for; the duration may extend up to several days even. If you get abnormal results, the doctor will discuss those with you and may refer to an oncologist.
What steps to follow if I am tested positive for cancer?
Cancer is not a simple ailment and requires multidisciplinary treatment approach. For example, chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy to name a few. Moreover, doctors will specifically ask you to bring certain lifestyle changes and manage stress.
Conclusion
Private healthcare clinics are the best place to obtain cost-effective diagnostic procedures, including bone profiling blood analysis and cancer tests. In case you suffer from prolonged periods of a health issue, do take an urgent step. Compare the locally available clinics and book a consultation slot in any of them.
