Paying Observations on Chewing Behavioral Actions in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); Causes and Solutions
This is a disorder that shows the impact on human beings in different ways-often through how they interact regarding sensory processing. One significant yet overlooked behavior is extensive chewing. Many parents and other caregivers observe chewing behaviors associated with their autistic children when they bite clothing, toys, or other non-consumable items. While this behavior may seem paradoxical, it is often a response to sensory, emotional, or physiological needs. This blog discusses the causes of chewing behaviors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder as well as practical solutions on how to support their needs.
Why Do Chewing Behaviors Occur in Autistic Children?
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder feel the world around them differently. Chewing can be used for a variety of purposes including the calming down of the nervous system, satisfaction of sensory cravings, or other underlying causes. Some of the primary reasons for autistic children include chewing behaviors for the following:
Sensory Processing Differences
Most children with Autism Spectrum Disorder have sensory processing challenges. While some children are hypersensitive to sensory stimuli, others require more sensory input to feel balanced. Chewing provides oral sensory stimulation that helps to regulate their sensory systems. For example, biting on objects may be comforting when a child feels overwhelmed or anxious.
Self-Regulation and Coping Mechanism
Many autistic children engage in chewing as a means of self-regulation. For many children, chewing is the effect of soothing when there are overwhelming environments, stressful situations, or transitions.
Chewing also helps reduce anxiety and serves as a coping strategy for children during uncomfortable times.
Oral Sensory Seeking
Some autistic children have an increased desire for oral input, a behavior known as “oral sensory seeking.” Chewing and biting provide the sensory feedback their brain is looking for, which helps them concentrate, relax, or become interested.
Teething or Physical Discomfort
For younger children, teething or oral discomfort can also cause chewing behaviors. The act of chewing relieves gum pain and provides relief.
Stimming Behavior
Another cause of chewing behaviors in autistic children is the act of swimming or self-stimulatory behavior. Chewing can be a form of repetitive behavior that yields sensory satisfaction, as when one hand flaps or rocks.
Attention and Concentration
Some children with Autism Spectrum Disorder report that chewing improves their ability to pay attention and concentrate. Oral input can help one to stay on task, especially with activities that require longer periods of attention like in schoolwork.
Solutions to Managing Chewing Behaviors in Autistic Children
First and foremost, knowing what makes children with autism chew is the key to an effective solution. The behavior should not be discouraged but rather redirected to safe and appropriate outlets. Here are some practical strategies to manage chewing behaviors:
1. Introduce Chewable Tools and Toys
Chewable tools, alternatively called chewelry (chewable jewelry), are safe and an effective alternative to chewing upon non-edible or unsafe materials. These tools come in various shapes, sizes, and textures to meet the sensory needs of the child. Examples include chew necklaces, chew bracelets, silicone toys, etc.
Recommendation: Select products BPA-free, durable enough, and designed for children with sensory needs.
2. Oral Motor Activities Provide
Engaging a child in oral motor activities can fulfill their sensory-seeking needs. Activities such as blowing bubbles, drinking through a straw, or chewing gum (if age-appropriate) offer oral input that satisfies their cravings.
Example Activities:
- Drinking thick liquids like smoothies through a straw
- Using bubble blowers or whistles
- Chewing crunchy or chewy foods like carrots or dried fruit
3. Address Anxiety and Stress
If chewing behaviors increase during stressful situations, focus on identifying and minimizing anxiety triggers. Implement calming strategies, such as deep-breathing exercises, quiet spaces, or calming routines, to help the child feel secure.
Tip: A sensory-friendly environment can greatly reduce anxiety-induced behaviors, including excessive chewing.
4. Use Sensory Diets
A sensory diet is a personalized plan of activities that assist children in regulating their sensory needs. An occupational therapist may create a sensory diet that contains oral sensory input to assist the child with his specific needs. For instance, breaks for scheduled oral activities reduce spontaneous chewing behaviors.
5. Provide Safe Chewing Foods
Offering sensory-friendly foods that encourage chewing can be a healthy and appropriate alternative. Apple slices, celery sticks, bagels, or licorice sticks are good for the child who seeks oral input.
Tip: Supervise during meals or snacks to be on the safe side in case they have a habit of chewing non-edible items.
6. Communicate and Set Boundaries
Help the child learn when and where to chew. Be clear and consistent in teaching safe chewing habits, such as promoting the use of chewelry instead of clothing or other household items.
Example Phrase: “You can chew on your necklace, but not on your shirt.”
7. Work with an Occupational Therapist
Occupational therapists (OTs) are skilled in understanding sensory behaviors and creating personalized strategies. An OT can identify the root causes of chewing behaviors in an autistic child and recommend tools, activities, or therapies to address the behavior effectively.
Supporting Children with Chewing Behaviors
It’s important to approach chewing behaviors with understanding and empathy. Instead of viewing the behavior as a problem, recognize it as a communication of the child’s sensory or emotional needs. Providing safe alternatives, creating supportive routines, and consulting with professionals when necessary can make a significant difference.
For parents and caregivers, knowing that chewing behaviors are common in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder can be reassuring. The best part is that by implementing these practical solutions, you will help your child find comfort, regulate their sensory input, and thrive in their daily life.
Conclusion
The behaviors related to chewing in autistic children are mostly linked with sensory processing, anxiety, or a need for self-regulation. It is essential to understand the underlying reasons to provide proper and supportive solutions. This can be through chewable tools, oral motor activities, or professional guidance. The parents and caregivers can offer a safe, structured approach to the behaviors of chewing in children who have Autism Spectrum Disorder with patience, consistency, and understanding toward meeting their needs healthily and properly.
